Pollution Control Boards & their Functions

By Saksham -

 Pollution Control Boards in India

Pollution Control Boards are statutory bodies established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. Their primary function is to prevent and control pollution in India.

Types of Pollution Control Boards:

  1. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):

    • Established in 1974.
    • Functions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
    • Provides technical guidance and support to State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).
    • Conducts research and monitoring of pollution levels.
    • Sets standards for emission and effluent discharge.
    • Advises the government on environmental policy.

  2. State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs):

    • Established in each state and union territory.
    • Implement and enforce environmental laws within their respective jurisdictions.
    • Issue consent to establish (CTE) and consent to operate (CTO) to industries.
    • Monitor industrial effluents and emissions.
    • Conduct environmental impact assessments (EIAs).
    • Create public awareness about environmental issues.

Key Functions of Pollution Control Boards:

  • Prevention and Control of Pollution:

    • Set and enforce emission and effluent discharge standards.
    • Monitor air and water quality.
    • Conduct inspections of industries and other polluting sources.
    • Issue notices and take legal action against violators.

  • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA):

    • Review and approve EIAs for proposed projects.
    • Ensure that environmental concerns are addressed in project planning and implementation.

  • Public Awareness and Education:

    • Organize awareness campaigns and workshops on environmental issues.
    • Promote public participation in environmental protection.

  • Research and Development:

    • Conduct research on pollution control technologies.
    • Develop and implement innovative pollution control strategies.

  • Coordination and Collaboration:

    • Collaborate with other government agencies, NGOs, and international organizations on environmental issues.

By effectively carrying out these functions, Pollution Control Boards play a crucial role in safeguarding the environment and ensuring sustainable development in India.

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