Basics of - Climate Change

By Saksham -

 

Basics of Climate Change

1. What is Climate Change?

Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other aspects of Earth's climate. It is primarily driven by natural processes and human activities.

2. Key Causes of Climate Change

  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) releases gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), which trap heat in the atmosphere.
  • Deforestation: Trees absorb CO₂, and cutting them down reduces the Earth's capacity to regulate carbon levels.
  • Industrial Processes: Factories and industries release pollutants and greenhouse gases.
  • Agriculture: Livestock farming produces methane, and certain farming practices release other greenhouse gases.

3. Key Indicators of Climate Change

  • Rising Global Temperatures: The Earth's average temperature has increased by about 1.1°C since the pre-industrial era.
  • Melting Ice Caps and Glaciers: Polar ice sheets and glaciers are melting, leading to rising sea levels.
  • Extreme Weather Events: Increased frequency and severity of hurricanes, droughts, heatwaves, and floods.
  • Ocean Changes: Oceans absorb CO₂, leading to acidification, and rising temperatures cause coral bleaching.

4. Consequences of Climate Change

  • Environmental Impacts: Loss of biodiversity, habitat destruction, and changes in ecosystems.
  • Economic Impacts: Damage to agriculture, increased costs of disaster management, and loss of coastal property due to rising sea levels.
  • Social Impacts: Threats to food and water security, displacement of populations, and increased health risks.

5. How to Combat Climate Change

  • Reducing Emissions: Transition to renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.
  • Energy Efficiency: Using energy-efficient appliances and adopting sustainable practices.
  • Reforestation: Planting trees to absorb CO₂ and preserve biodiversity.
  • Sustainable Transportation: Promoting public transportation, cycling, and electric vehicles.
  • International Agreements: Supporting global efforts like the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

6. What Can Individuals Do?

  • Reduce, reuse, and recycle to minimize waste.
  • Support policies that address climate change.
  • Adopt sustainable practices like conserving energy and water.
  • Spread awareness and educate others about climate change.

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